There are many workers who spend hours in noisy environments in order to earn a living. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an estimated 22 million American workers are exposed to hazardous noise levels on the job each year. In addition, occupational hearing loss has been deemed "one of the most common work-related illnesses in the United States." Regular exposure to loud noises can cause wear and tear on the cochlea, which is a receptor organ in the inner ear that is responsible for sending sound signals to the brain. In addition, sudden, loud blasts of noise can rupture the ear drum.
Who is at risk of suffering work-related hearing loss?
The Environmental Protection Agency created a chart of "safe range" and "risk range" decibels (dB). Noise levels at 85 dB or higher fall under the risk range and can be emitted by:- Heavy city traffic
- Motorcycles
- Snowmobiles
- Chain saws
- Jackhammers
- Rock concerts and symphonies
- Sandblasting
- Ambulance sirens
- Thunder
- Firecrackers
- Firearms
- Administration of urban planning
- Community and rural development
- Workers in the solid waste combustors and incinerators industry
OSHA limits on workplace noise levels
The Occupational Safety & Health Administration has established maximum noise levels (under standard 1910.95) in dB and duration limits on exposure to workers. Here is what's allowed by law:- 90 dB - 8 hours
- 92 dB - 6 hours
- 95 dB - 4 hours
- 97 dB - 3 hours
- 100 dB - 2 hours
- 102 dB - 1.5 hours
- 105 dB - 1 hour
- 110 dB - 30 minutes
- 115 dB - 15 minutes or less
The NIOSH 'Hierarchy of Controls'
Employers can protect their workers from occupational hearing loss by following the 'Hierarchy of Controls' established by the NIOSH. The most effective measure is eliminating unnecessary noises by physically removing the hazard. Employers can also consider these helpful, but less effective measures:- Purchasing equipment and tools that emit less noise
- Isolating workers from hazardous noises
- Placing time limits on noise exposure
- Purchasing personal protective equipment for workers, such as earplugs and earmuffs.